| Bibliography | Ahuja, Priyanka Sanjeevkumar: Evaluating Temporal Dimensionality Reduction Methods for ERP-Structured EEG Data. University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Master Thesis No. 41 (2026). 84 pages, english.
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| Abstract | Electroencephalographic (EEG) data is a high-dimensional, noisy time series capturing the continuous evolution of neural response patterns. Dimensionality reduction methods such as Principal component analysis (PCA) and T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (tSNE) have been used to analyze such data; however, they group time points by amplitude similarity rather than temporal order, making them unable to preserve the sequential structure. Existing time-aware approaches, such as Temporal-Potential of Heat-diffusion for Affinity-based Trajectory Embedding (T-PHATE) and Brain-dynamic Convolutional-Network-based Embedding (BCNE), address this by explicitly encoding temporal autocorrelation into the embedding, yet both have only been demonstrated on continuous recordings such as fMRI and not on epoched ERP-structured Electroencephalography (EEG) data. This study addresses this research gap and evaluates time-aware dimensionality reduction methods on Event-related Potentials (ERP) structured EEG data, investigating whether temporal awareness yields more meaningful embeddings than time-agnostic approaches. ERP components were simulated using the UnfoldSim package, and T-PHATE and BCNE were evaluated along with standard methods under two approaches: condition-averaged input and single-trial projection via grand average. The results show that T-PHATE and BCNE recover temporally ordered trajectories with condition-specific divergences, while time- agnostic methods yield fragmented embeddings. These findings suggest that time-aware methods offer a more faithful representation of ERP data and can be used for exploratory analysis of complex experimental designs
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| Department(s) | University of Stuttgart, Institute of Visualisation and Interactive Systems, Visualisation and Interactive Systems
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| Superviser(s) | Ehinger, Jun.-Prof. Benedikt; Mikheev, Vladimir |
| Entry date | August 13, 2026 |
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