@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-91,
    author = {Oliver G{\"u}nther and Gerrit Tamm and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Pricing Web Services}},
    booktitle = {The Role of Business Processes in Service Oriented Architectures},
    editor = {Frank Leymann and Wolfgang Reisig Reisig and Satish R. Thatte Thatte and Wil van der Aalst},
    publisher = {Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    series = {Dagstuhl Seminar},
    volume = {06291},
    pages = {1--13},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {November},
    year = {2006},
    issn = {1862-4405},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
    ee = {http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2006/822},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {This paper focuses on the challenges associated with composing and pricing web
      services. We present the results of an online experiment, where subjects were
      confronted with a variety of choices and decisions relating to web service
      markets and service composition. Our analysis shows that people expect the
      price of a composite web service to be lower than the sum of the prices of the
      elementary services, i.e., users are not willing to pay for aggregation by a
      third party. To obtain a viable business model for composed web services,
      non-standard pricing mechanisms, such as auctions and negotiations, possibly
      supported by electronic agents, have to be taken into consideration.
      Usage-based pricing schemes, combined with an option to switch to a flat
      subscription, seem most appropriate to penetrate the developing web service
      market.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-91&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-88,
    author = {Jussi Vanhatalo and Jana Koehler and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Repository for Business Processes and Arbitrary Associated Metadata}},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the BPM Demo Session at the Fourth International Conference on Business Process Management (BPM 2006)},
    publisher = {CEUR},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {25--31},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {September},
    year = {2006},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    ee = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-203/},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {We have published a repository for storing business processes and associated
      metadata. The BPEL Repository is an Eclipse plug-in originally built for BPEL
      business processes and other related XML data. It provides a framework for
      storing, finding and using these documents. Other research prototypes can reuse
      these features and build on top of it. The repository can easily be extended
      with new types of XML documents. It provides a Java API for manipulating the
      XML files as Java objects hiding the serialization and de-serialization from a
      user. This has the advantage that the user can manipulate the data as more
      convenient Java objects, although the data is stored as XML files compliant
      with the standard XML schemas. The data can be queried as Java objects using an
      object-oriented query language, namely the Object Constraint Language (OCL).
      Moreover, the flexible design allows the OCL query engine to be replaced with
      another engine based on other query language.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-88&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-86,
    author = {Dimka Karastoyanova and Frank Leymann and J{\"o}rg Nitsche and Branimir Wetzstein and Daniel Wutke},
    title = {{Utilizing Semantic Web Service Technologies for Automatic Execution of Parameterized BPEL Processes}},
    booktitle = {XML Tage 2006},
    publisher = {Unbekannt},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {September},
    year = {2006},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation,
                   K.1 The Computer Industry},
    ee = {http://www.xml-clearinghouse.de/ws/XMLT2006/2/},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Utilizing Semantic Web Service Technologies for Automatic Execution of
      Parameterized BPEL Processes},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-86&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-85,
    author = {Guadalupe Ortiz and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Combining WS-Policy and Aspect-Oriented Programming}},
    booktitle = {Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications and International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (AICT-ICIW'06)},
    publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {143--143},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {February},
    year = {2006},
    isbn = {0-7695-2522-9},
    doi = {10.1109/AICT-ICIW.2006.66},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Web Service technologies offer a successful way for interoperability among
      applications. However, although current approaches are beginning to address how
      to specify non-functional capabilities in Web Services at description level,
      they have so far failed to propose an acceptable method to decouple the named
      capabilities from Web Service implementations, resulting in a large amount of
      code scattered and tangled all over the application. Considering it is our
      desire to minimize middleware participation in nonfunctional properties
      management, it is the aim of this paper to describe how aspect-oriented
      techniques can be used in conjunction with WS-Policy in order to allow the
      mentioned properties to be completely decoupled at description and
      implementation level, thus improving their reusability and service maintenance
      and evolution.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-85&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-84,
    author = {Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Workflow-Based Coordination and Cooperation in a Service World}},
    booktitle = {Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS) 2006 International Conference},
    editor = {Robert Meersman and Zahir Tari},
    publisher = {Springer},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {2--16},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {November},
    year = {2006},
    isbn = {3-540-48287-3},
    doi = {10.1007/11914853_2},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {One of the most important roles of workflow technology in a service oriented
      environment is that of providing an easy to use technology for service
      composition (so-called “orchestration”). Another important composition model in
      this domain is based on the technology of “coordination protocols”. We sketch
      the relation between orchestration and coordination protocols by describing two
      application areas of both technologies: the introduction of subprocesses to the
      service oriented world, and facilitating outsourcing by making splitting
      processes much easier. Cooperation aspects of workflow technology are
      emphasized by sketching the inclusion of human tasks in orchestrations.
      Finally, the benefit of combining semantic technologies with orchestrations is
      outlined (“semantic processes”) which aims in simplifying the creation of
      orchestrations.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-84&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-83,
    author = {Rania Khalaf and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Role-based Decomposition of Business Processes using BPEL}},
    booktitle = {International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2006)},
    publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {770--780},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {September},
    year = {2006},
    isbn = {0-7695-2669-1},
    doi = {10.1109/ICWS.2006.56},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {This paper addresses role-based decomposition of a business process model
      (based on a subset of WS-BPEL, using explicit data links. A mechanism is
      presented for partitioning a business process so that each partition can be
      enacted by a different participant. An important goal is to disconnect the
      partitioning itself from the design of the business process, simplifying the
      reassignment of activities to different entities. The result is several
      (compliant) BPEL processes, one for each participant, as well as the
      information needed to wire them together at deployment time and ensuring
      correct instance-level connections at runtime. We present details of
      partitioning and successfully running a sample process with three participants},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-83&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-81,
    author = {Rakesh Agrawal and Christopher M. Johnson and Jerry Kiernan and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Taming Compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley Internal Controls Using Database Technology}},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Data Engineering -- ICDE '06.},
    editor = {Ling Liu and Andreas Reuter and Kyu-Young Whang and Jianjun Zhang},
    publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    type = {Conference Paper},
    month = {January},
    year = {2006},
    doi = {10.1109/ICDE.2006.155},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {H.2.4 Database Management Systems,
                   K.4.1 Computers and Society Public Policy Issues},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {The Sarbanes-Oxley Act instituted a series of corporate reforms to improve the
      accuracy and reliability of financial reporting. Sections 302 and 404 of the
      Act require SEC-reporting companies to implement internal controls over
      financial reporting, periodically assess the effectiveness of these internal
      controls, and certify the accuracy of their financial statements. We suggest
      that database technology can play an important role in assisting compliance
      with the internal control provisions of the Act. The core components of our
      solution include: (i) modeling of required workflows, (ii) active enforcement
      of control activities, (iii) auditing of actual workflows to verify compliance
      with internal controls, and (iv) discovery-driven OLAP to identify
      irregularities in financial data. We illustrate how the features of our
      solution fulfill Sarbanes-Oxley requirements using several real-life scenarios.
      In the process, we identify opportunities for new database research.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-81&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-67,
    author = {Oliver Kopp and Carsten Frenkler and Niels Lohmann},
    title = {{Korrektheit und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit zusammengesetzter Web Services am Beispiel der Gesch{\"a}ftsprozess-Modellierungssprache BPEL}},
    booktitle = {Forschungsoffensive ``Software Engineering 2006'' Statuskonferenz 26.-28. Juni 2006},
    editor = {DLR e.V.},
    publisher = {n/a},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {1--11},
    type = {Workshop Paper},
    month = {July},
    year = {2006},
    keywords = {Tools4BPEL; BPEL; EPK; oWFN; BPEL2OWFN},
    language = {German},
    cr-category = {D.2.2 Software Engineering Design Tools and Techniques,
                   D.2.4 Software Engineering Software/Program Verification,
                   F.2.2 Nonnumerical Algorithms and Problems,
                   F.3.1 Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs,
                   F.3.2 Semantics of Programming Languages,
                   K.1 The Computer Industry},
    ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INPROC-2006-67/INPROC-2006-67.pdf,
      http://www2.informatik.hu-berlin.de/top/tools4bpel/,
      http://www.softwarefoerderung.de/},
    contact = {oliver.kopp@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Unternehmens{\"u}bergreifende Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse werden zunehmend nach dem Paradigma
      der Services organisiert. Dabei stellen sich Fragen nach der Komponierbarkeit,
      Bedienbarkeit, Austauschbarkeit sowie der R{\"u}cksetzbarkeit (Kompensation) im
      Fehlerfall. In diesem Vorhaben werden Methoden und Werkzeuge zum Umgang mit
      solchen Fragen entwickelt, am Beispiel der
      Gesch{\"a}ftsprozess-Modellierungssprache BPEL erprobt und in ein Entwurfswerkzeug
      der Firma Gedilan Technologies integriert.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-67&engl=1}
 }

@inproceedings {INPROC-2006-66,
    author = {Oliver Kopp and Tobias Unger and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Nautilus Event-driven Process Chains: Syntax, Semantics, and their mapping to BPEL}},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th GI Workshop on Event-Driven Process Chains (EPK 2006)},
    editor = {M. N{\"u}ttgens and F.J. Rump and J. Mendling},
    address = {Vienna, Austria},
    publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
    institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
    pages = {85--104},
    type = {Workshop Paper},
    month = {December},
    year = {2006},
    keywords = {Nautilus; EPC; BPEL; mapping},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation,
                   K.1 The Computer Industry},
    ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INPROC-2006-66/INPROC-2006-66.pdf,
      http://www.epk-community.de/},
    contact = {Oliver.Kopp@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Nautilus Event-driven Process Chains (N-EPCs) are a variant of Eventdriven
      process chains allowing multiple events between functions. This allows events
      to be used as transition conditions in a mapping to the Business Process
      Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL). We will give a formal definition of
      N-EPCs and show how they can be mapped to BPEL. A close look will be taken how
      connectors can be eliminated while preserving their semantics.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2006-66&engl=1}
 }

@article {ART-2006-17,
    author = {Frank Leymann and Dieter Roller},
    title = {{Modeling business processes with BPEL4WS}},
    journal = {Information Systems and e-Business Management (ISeB)},
    publisher = {Springer},
    volume = {4},
    number = {3},
    pages = {265--284},
    type = {Article in Journal},
    month = {July},
    year = {2006},
    doi = {10.1007/s10257-005-0025-2},
    keywords = {Web services; BPEL; Business Processes},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS) allows defining
      both, business processes that make use of Web services, and business processes
      that externalize their functionality as Web services. This short paper
      introduces the basic language elements of BPEL4WS using a simple example. The
      concepts underlying the language are briefly explained: establishing bilateral
      partnerships, correlating messages and processes, defining the order of the
      activities of a business process, event handling, handling exceptions via
      long-running transactions, and the usage of BPEL4WS in pure B2B scenarios. The
      paper finishes off by presenting the resulting application structure and the
      resulting economical implications.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2006-17&engl=1}
 }

@article {ART-2006-16,
    author = {Rania Khalaf and Alexander Keller and Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Business processes for Web Services: Principles and applications}},
    journal = {IBM Systems Journal: Celebrating 10 Years of XML},
    publisher = {Online},
    volume = {45},
    number = {2},
    pages = {425--446},
    type = {Article in Journal},
    month = {May},
    year = {2006},
    doi = {10.1147/sj.452.0425},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {The Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS or BPEL for
      short) is an XML-based language for defining business processes that provides
      an interoperable, portable language for both abstract and executable processes
      and that was designed from the beginning to operate in the heterogeneity and
      dynamism that is commonplace in information technology today. BPEL builds on
      the layers of flexibility provided by the Web Services stack, and especially by
      XML. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to BPEL with emphasis on
      architectural drivers and basic concepts. Then we survey ongoing BPEL work in
      several application areas: adding quality of service to BPEL, extending BPEL to
      activities involving humans, BPEL for grid computing, and BPEL for autonomic
      computing.},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2006-16&engl=1}
 }

@inbook {INBOOK-2006-11,
    author = {Frank Leymann},
    title = {{Foreword}},
    series = {Semantic and Dynamic Web Processes (Semantic Web and Beyond: Computing for Human Experience)},
    address = {Berlin},
    publisher = {Springer},
    type = {Article in Book},
    month = {August},
    year = {2006},
    isbn = {0387302395},
    language = {English},
    cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry},
    ee = {http://dme.uma.pt/jcardoso/Books/Semantic-Web-Services-Processes-and-Applications},
    department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
    abstract = {Editorial},
    url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INBOOK-2006-11&engl=1}
 }