@inproceedings {INPROC-2010-03,
   author = {David Schumm and Frank Leymann and Zhilei Ma and Thorsten Scheibler and Steve Strauch},
   title = {{Integrating Compliance into Business Processes: Process Fragments as Reusable Compliance Controls}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik (MKWI'10), G{\"o}ttingen, Germany, February 23-25, 2010},
   editor = {Schumann/Kolbe/Breitner/Frerichs},
   address = {G{\"o}ttingen},
   publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag G{\"o}ttingen},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {2125--2137},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {Februar},
   year = {2010},
   isbn = {978-3-941875-31-9},
   keywords = {Business Process Compliance, Process Fragment, Reusability},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   contact = {David.Schumm@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Companies increasingly have to pay attention to compliance concerns addressing business processes. Flexibly reacting to changing requirements coming from laws, regulations, and internal guidelines, becomes a necessary part of business process management. In this paper we propose the application of the emerging concept of process fragments in the field of compliance management in process-based applications. We exemplify realizing compliance requirements employing the notion of process fragments, and we show its characteristics and its practical application using a scenario common in industry. In doing so, we discuss how a fragment can be identified, which design considerations need to be taken into account, we discuss efficient storage and retrieval, and which ways of integration into business processes are feasible. This approach leverages the reusability of both, process models and realizations of compliance requirements.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2010-03&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2009-22,
   author = {Zhilei Ma and Wei Lu and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Query Structural Information of BPEL Processes}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (ICIW 2009), Venice/Mestre, Italy, May 24-28, 2009},
   publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {1--6},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {Mai},
   year = {2009},
   keywords = {BPEL; query; repository; inexact matchmaking; graph theory},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {G.2.2 Discrete Mathematics Graph Theory,     G.4 Mathematical Software,     H.2.4 Database Management Systems,     H.4.1 Office Automation},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Reuse of proven process models can increase modeling efficient by avoiding reinvent the wheel and ensure the quality of process models. To provide a better support for reuse, the retrieve mechanism of a process repository should be able to propose similar process models that ranked according to their similarity degrees to users for reuse by modification or customization. As a process model and a query model can both be viewed as rooted, directed, and acyclic graphs, the problem of querying structural information of BPEL processes has reduced to a graph matchmaking problem. In this paper we present a novel and efficient graph-based algorithm for querying structural information of BPEL processes based on an inexact matchmaking semantics. Our algorithm performs in the worst case in polynomial time in the orders of the query graph and the process graph.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2009-22&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2009-21,
   author = {Zhilei Ma and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{BPEL Fragments for Modularized Reuse in Modeling BPEL Processes}},
   booktitle = {The Fifth International Conference on Networking and Services (ICNS 2009), Valencia, Spain, April 20-25, 2009},
   publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {63--68},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {April},
   year = {2009},
   doi = {10.1109/ICNS.2009.76},
   keywords = {BPEL; BPEL fragment; process fragment; reuse; business process modeling},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.1 Models and Principles},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {BPEL has been established as the standard for modeling business processes by orchestratingWeb services. When modeling a BPEL process, users end up in basically three approaches: from scratch, by using a process template or a reference process, and by ad hoc modifying a existing process model to meet the current requirements. There is strong demand on a flexible and modularized approach for reusing BPEL process models. As neither the BPEL standard nor the current BPEL extensions support such a feature for reuse, we present in this paper a formal definition for BPEL fragments. In this paper we first study the related work on process fragments and distinguish BPEL fragments from existing reuse approaches in service-oriented process modeling. Based on the requirement analysis we present a definition of BPEL fragments in XML schema. By adopting our definition of BPEL fragments, the flexibility of modularized reuse of BPEL process models can be significantly increased.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2009-21&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2008-60,
   author = {Zhilei Ma and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{A Lifecycle Model for Using Process Fragment in Business Process Modeling}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Business Process Modeling, Development, and Support (BPDMS 2008)in conjunctin with The 20th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE'08), Montpellier, France, 16-18 June, 2008},
   address = {Montpellier},
   publisher = {Online},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {1--9},
   type = {Workshop-Beitrag},
   month = {Juni},
   year = {2008},
   keywords = {process fragment, business process modeling, business process management, bpm, lifecycle, reuse},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.1 Models and Principles},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Business organizations strive to increase the quality of their business processes and the productivity in modeling the business processes. Reuse of process modeling artifacts can contribute to achieving this goal. In this paper, we propose a lifecycle model for reusing process fragment in business process modeling, which (i) guides the business user in understanding and adopting the concepts of using process fragment in business process modeling; (ii) guides the development of business process modeling tool and business process repository that support reusing process fragment in business process modeling.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2008-60&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2008-43,
   author = {Branimir Wetzstein and Zhilei Ma and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Towards Measuring Key Performance Indicators of Semantic Business Processes}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Business Information Systems (BIS 2008), Innsbruck, Austria, 5-7 May 2008.},
   editor = {Witold Abramowicz and Dieter Fensel},
   address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
   publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {227--238},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {Mai},
   year = {2008},
   keywords = {semantic business process management, sbpm, performance management, process performance metrics, key performance indicator, kpi},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.4 Information Systems Applications},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) enables continuous, real-time performance measurement of business processes based on key performance indicators (KPI). The performance information is employed by business users but prior support from IT engineers is required for setting up the BAM solution. Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM) tries to minimize the needed support from IT staff throughout the business process lifecycle. In this paper we introduce a framework for BAM as part of SBPM. We show how performance measurement related activities can be integrated into the semantic business process lifecycle. KPIs are modeled by business analysts exploiting semantic annotations of business processes. KPI models are automatically transformed to IT-level event-based models and used for real-time monitoring using reasoning technology.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2008-43&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2008-09,
   author = {Dimka Karastoyanova and Tammo van Lessen and Frank Leymann and Zhilei Ma and J{\"o}rg Nitzsche and Branimir Wetzstein and Sami Bhiri and Manfred Hauswirth and Maciej Zaremba},
   title = {{A Reference Architecture for Semantic Business Process Management Systems}},
   booktitle = {Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2008},
   editor = {Martin Bichler and Thomas Hess and Helmut Krcmar and Ulrike Lechner and Florian Matthes and Arnold Picot and Benjamin Speitkamp and Petra Wolf},
   address = {Berlin},
   publisher = {GITO-Verlag},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {371--372},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {Februar},
   year = {2008},
   isbn = {978-3-940019-34-9},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.5.4 Hypertext/Hypermedia},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM) enhances BPM with semantic technologies in order to increase the degree of automation in the BPM lifecycle and help in bridging the gap between the business and IT views on business processes. In this paper, we describe the architecture of an SBPM System (SBPMS) which supports the whole SBPM lifecycle by providing functionality for process modeling, process configuration, process execution, and process analysis. We analyze the functional requirements of the SBPMS from the business user's and the IT expert's point of view and derive and describe the components of the SBPMS and their key interactions to achieve the required functionalities. We show how existing BPMS components can be extended to use semantics, and describe the integration of new components, such as a Semantic Execution Environment. The presented SBPMS is based on BPMN, BPEL and WSMO technologies.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2008-09&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2008-08,
   author = {Ralph Mietzner and Zhilei Ma and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{An Algorithm for the Validation of Executable Completions of an Abstract BPEL Process}},
   booktitle = {Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2008},
   editor = {Martin Bichler and Thomas Hess and Helmut Krcmar and Ulrike Lechner and Florian Matthes and Arnold Picot and Benjamin Speitkamp and Petra Wolf},
   address = {Berlin},
   publisher = {GITO-Verlag},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {437--438},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {Februar},
   year = {2008},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {D.3.0 Programming Languages General,     G.4 Mathematical Software},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Abstract: WS-BPEL is the standard for specifying and executing business processes by orchestrating Web Services. Abstract and executable processes are two kinds of BPEL processes that are defined in the BPEL standard. An abstract process can be used as a process template, which can be completed and made executable through ``executable completion''. The BPEL standard defines a set of rules that must be obeyed during such an executable completion. In this paper, we present an algorithm for validating whether an executable BPEL process is a valid executable completion of an abstract BPEL process. Our approach advances the existing XML comparison algorithms in a way that it takes the BPEL-specific characteristics into account and is optimized towards the validation of ``executable completion'' of abstract BPEL processes.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2008-08&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-60,
   author = {Tammo van Lessen and Branimir Wetzstein and J{\"o}rg Nitzsche and Zhilei Ma and Dimka Karastoyanova and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessmanagement Meets Semantic Web.}},
   booktitle = {Tagungsband Science Meets Business. Stuttgarter Softwaretechnik Forum 2007, Fraunhofer IAO, 23. November 2007.},
   editor = {D. Spath and A. Weisbecker and O. H{\"o}{\ss} and J. (Hrsg.) Drawehn},
   address = {Stuttgart},
   publisher = {Fraunhofer IRB Verlag},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   pages = {75--83},
   type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
   month = {November},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {3-8167-7493-8},
   keywords = {Semantic Business Process Management},
   language = {Deutsch},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {23. November 2007 Science Meets Business Am vierten Tag des Stuttgarter Softwaretechnik Forums geben Experten aus Forschung und Wissenschaft Einblick in aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten in den Themenbereichen Softwareengineering, Softwaretechnik und Mobile Anwendungen. Dadurch k{\"o}nnen die Zuh{\"o}rer interessante Impulse f{\"u}r ihr t{\"a}gliches Business sowie einen Ausblick auf zuk{\"u}nftige Trends und Entwicklungen mitnehmen.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-60&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-20,
   author = {Zhilei Ma and Branimir Wetzstein and Darko Anicic and Stijn Heymans and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Semantic Business Process Repository}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Semantic Business Process and Product Lifecycle Management (SBPM 2007) in conjunction with the 3rd European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2007) Innsbruck, Austria, June 7, 2007},
   editor = {Martin Hepp and Knut Hinkelmann and Dimitris Karagiannis and R{\"u}diger Klein and Nenad Stojanovic},
   address = {Innsbruck},
   publisher = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
   volume = {251},
   pages = {92--100},
   type = {Workshop-Beitrag},
   month = {Juli},
   year = {2007},
   keywords = {Business Process Management (BPM), Business Process Repository, Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM), Semantic Business Process Repository, Ontologies, Reasoning},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INPROC-2007-20/INPROC-2007-20.pdf,     http://sbpm2007.fzi.de/,     http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-251/},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM) utilizes semantic technologies to achieve more automation throughout the BPM lifecycle. An integral part of the SBPM infrastructure is a semantic business process repository, which is used for storage and management of business process modeling artifacts. As in SBPM business process models are based on process ontologies, the semantic business process repository has additional requirements towards support of reasoning and querying capabilities. In this paper, we first describe the functionalities the semantic business process repository has to provide. We then introduce a solution based on the Integrated Rule Inference System (IRIS) on top of a relational database for realizing the storage mechanism and query processing. Finally, we present the overall architecture of the semantic business process repository.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-20&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-19,
   author = {Branimir Wetzstein and Zhilei Ma and Agata Filipowska and Monika Kaczmarek and Sami Bhiri and Silvestre Losada and Jose-Manuel Lopez-Cobo and Laurent Cicurel},
   title = {{Semantic Business Process Management: A Lifecycle Based Requirements Analysis}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Semantic Business Process and Product Lifecycle Management (SBPM 2007) in conjunction with the 3rd European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2007) Innsbruck, Austria, June 7, 2007},
   editor = {Martin Hepp and Knut Hinkelmann and Dimitris Karagiannis and R{\"u}diger Klein and Nenad Stojanovic},
   address = {Innsbruck},
   publisher = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
   institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
   series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
   volume = {251},
   pages = {1--11},
   type = {Workshop-Beitrag},
   month = {Juni},
   year = {2007},
   keywords = {Business Process Management; Semantic Business Process Management; Semantic Web Services},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INPROC-2007-19/INPROC-2007-19.pdf,     http://sbpm2007.fzi.de/,     http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-251/},
   contact = {branimir.wetzstein@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Despite of increasing software support for Business Process Management (BPM), currently there is still a low degree of automation in the BPM lifecycle, especially when it comes to bridge between the business and IT view on business processes. The goal of Semantic Business Process Management is to achieve more automation in BPM by using semantic technologies. In this paper, we describe on a conceptual level how ontologies and semantic web service technologies can be used throughout the BPM lifecycle, consisting of process modeling, implementation, execution, and analysis phases. The use of semantics in BPM results in new functionality a Semantic Business Process Management System (SBPMS) has to implement. For each phase of the BPM lifecycle, we identify the new functional requirements for a SBPMS, and explain the benefits of adopting semantic technologies in SBPM.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-19&engl=0}
}
@inbook {INBOOK-2009-02,
   author = {Dimka Karastoyanova and Tammo van Lessen and Frank Leymann and Zhilei Ma and J{\"o}rg Nitzsche and Branimir Wetzstein},
   title = {{Semantic Business Process Management: Applying Ontologies in BPM}},
   series = {Handbook of Research on Business Process Modeling},
   publisher = {Information Science Publishing},
   pages = {312--330},
   type = {Beitrag in Buch},
   month = {April},
   year = {2009},
   isbn = {978-1-60566-288-6},
   keywords = {SBPM; BPEL4SWS; SOA; BPM; SWS},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   ee = {http://www.igi-global.com/reference/details.asp?ID=33287},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Even though process orientation/BPM is a widely accepted paradigm with heavy impact on industry and research the available technology does not support the business professionals’ tasks in an appropriate manner that is in a way allowing processes modeling using concepts from the business domain. This results in a gap between the business people expertise and the IT knowledge required. The current trend in bridging this gap is to utilize technologies developed for the Semantic Web, for example ontologies, while maintaining reusability and flexibility of processes. In this chapter the authors present an overview of existing technologies, supporting the BPM lifecycle, and focus on potential benefits Semantic Web technologies can bring to BPM. The authors will show how these technologies help automate the transition between the inherently separate/detached business professionals’ level and the IT level without the burden of additional knowledge acquisition on behalf of the business professionals. As background information they briefly discuss existing process modeling notations like the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) as well as the execution centric Business Process Execution Language (BPEL), and their limitations in terms of proper support for the business professional. The chapter stresses on the added value Semantic Web technologies yield when leveraged for the benefit of BPM. For this the authors give examples of existing BPM techniques that can be improved by using Semantic Web technologies, as well as novel approaches which became possible only through the availability of semantic descriptions. They show how process model configuration can be automated and thus simplified and how flexibility during process execution is increased. Additionally, they present innovative techniques like automatic process composition and auto-completion of process models where suitable process fragments are automatically discovered to make up the process model. They also present a reference architecture of a BPM system that utilizes Semantic Web technologies in an SOA environment.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INBOOK-2009-02&engl=0}
}
@inbook {INBOOK-2007-02,
   author = {Stijn Heymans and Li Ma and Darko Anicic and Zhilei Ma and Nathalie Steinmetz and Yue Pan and Jing Mei and Achille Fokoue and Aditya Kalyanpur and Aaron Kershenbaum and Edith Schonberg and Kavitha Srinivas and Cristina Feier and Graham Hench and Branimir Wetzstein and Uwe Keller},
   title = {{Ontology Reasoning With Large Data Repositories}},
   series = {Ontology Management for the Semantic Web, Semantic Web Services, and Business Applications},
   address = {Berlin, Heidelberg, New York},
   publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
   pages = {89--130},
   type = {Beitrag in Buch},
   month = {November},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {978-0-387-69899-1},
   keywords = {business repository; IRIS; OWL DL; Reasoning with large datasets; Semantic; Business Process Management; WSML DL},
   language = {Englisch},
   cr-category = {D.2.11 Software Engineering Software Architectures},
   ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INBOOK-2007-02/INBOOK-2007-02.pdf},
   department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
   abstract = {Reasoning with large amounts of data together with ontological knowledge is becoming a pertinent issue. In this chapter, we will give an overviewof well-known ontology repositories, including native stores and database based stores, and highlight strengths and limitations of each store. We take Minerva as an example to analyze ontology storage in databases in depth, as well as to discuss efficient indexes for scaling up ontology repositories. We then discuss a scalable reasoning method for handling expressive ontologies, as well as summarize other similar approaches. We will subsequently delve into the details of one particular ontology language based on Description Logics called WSML-DL and show that reasoning with this language can be done by a transformation from WSML-DL to OWL DL and support all main DL-specific reasoning tasks. Finally, we illustrate reasoning and its relevance by showing a reasoning example in a practical business context by presenting the Semantic Business Process Repository (SBPR) for systemical management of semantic business process models. As part of this, we analyze the main requirements on a such a repository. We then compare different approaches for storage mechanisms for this purpose and show how a RDBMS in combination with the IRIS inference engine provides a suitable solution that deals well with the expressiveness of the query language and the required reasoning capabilities even for large amounts of instance data.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INBOOK-2007-02&engl=0}
}