@inproceedings {INPROC-2014-41,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Uwe Breitenb{\"u}cher and Frank Leymann},
title = {{Automating Green Patterns to Compensate CO2 Emissions of Cloud-based Business Processes}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of ADVCOMP 2014},
editor = {IARIA Xpert Publishing Services},
publisher = {IARIA},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {August},
year = {2014},
keywords = {Business Process Patterns; Management Automation; Cloud Computing; Infrastructure as a Service},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {D.2.13 Software Engineering Reusable Software,
H.4.1 Office Automation},
ee = {http://thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=advcomp_2014_7_20_20077},
contact = {alexander.nowak@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {The usefulness of patterns to optimize the environmental impact of business
processes and their infrastructure has already been described in literature.
However, due to the abstract description of pattern solutions, the individual
application of patterns has to be done manually which is time consuming,
complex, and error-prone. In this work, we show how the Green Compensation
pattern can be applied automatically to different individual Cloud-based
business processes in order to lower the negative environmental impact of the
employed Virtual Machines without any manual effort. We show how our Management
Planlet Framework can be used to implement this concrete refined pattern
solution in a reusable way.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2014-41&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2014-24,
author = {Florian Haupt and Frank Leymann and Alexander Nowak and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{Lego4TOSCA: Composable Building Blocks for Cloud Applications}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD 2014)},
editor = {IEEE},
publisher = {IEEE},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
pages = {160--167},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Juli},
year = {2014},
isbn = {978-1-4799-5062-1},
doi = {10.1109/CLOUD.2014.31},
keywords = {Cloud; TOSCA},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {D.2.11 Software Engineering Software Architectures},
contact = {florian.haupt@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {The Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA)
enables the description, provisioning, and management of complex cloud
applications in a portable way. TOSCA, therefore, provides a comprehensive yet
complex set of mechanisms that may hinder users from unleashing its power due
to misusing or neglecting parts of those mechanisms. TOSCA has just been
standardized and, although it seems to be highly adopted in industry, there is
a lack of systematic research of its features and capabilities. In this work we
discuss the design of basic building blocks for cloud applications, called node
types, and show how they can benefit from a deep integration with TOSCA. We
developed a generic architecture for the realization of TOSCA node types, show
an implementation of this architecture and validate it based on a sample cloud
application. Our work gives an insight into the capabilities of TOSCA with
respect to enable the creation of portable cloud services based on a set of
composable building blocks.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2014-24&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2014-12,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann},
title = {{Green Enterprise Patterns (to appear)}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (PLoP), October 23-26, Allerton, IL, USA},
publisher = {ACM},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
pages = {1--1},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Januar},
year = {2014},
keywords = {Management, Documentation, Design, Standardization, Environment, Business, Enterprise, Health of Environment, Business Design, Sustainability},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
contact = {alexander.nowak@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {To provide services and goods, enterprises are consuming and using various
types of resources. The use of resources, especially the use of non-renewable
resources or resources that originate certain pollution or waste, has an
intrinsic impact to our environment. However, the health of our environment is
crucial for life on earth. The patterns in this work, namely Integrated Green
Business, Green Resource Providing, Green Service Communication and Green
Service Selection, address different aspects of sustainability that may be
considered when building enterprises with sustainability in mind.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2014-12&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2013-47,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann},
title = {{Green Business Process Patterns - Part II}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Service Oriented Computing \& Applications (SOCA 2013)},
publisher = {IEEE},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Dezember},
year = {2013},
keywords = {Green Business Process Management; Green Business Process Reengineering; Green Business Process Patterns; Process Patterns; Application Architecture Patterns; Cloud Computing Patterns},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {The environmental impact of doing business becomes an increasingly relevant
aspect for organizations, not only because of legal requirements but also
because more customers care about. Most organizations, however, do not have
comprehensive knowledge on how to restructure their business processes
accordingly. In previous work we proposed green business process patterns that
address the environmental impact explicitly as one possible solution. Beyond
those patterns, we now provide a method to extract environmentally relevant
patterns from existing patterns of different domains. Moreover, we present a
set of such patterns related to automated business processes. The proposed
approach as well as the identified patterns support stakeholders when analyzing
their business processes with respect to the environmental impact and,
therefore, supporting green business process reengineering.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2013-47&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2013-45,
author = {Tobias Binz and Uwe Breitenb{\"u}cher and Florian Haupt and Oliver Kopp and Frank Leymann and Alexander Nowak and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{OpenTOSCA - A Runtime for TOSCA-based Cloud Applications}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC'13)},
publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
series = {LNCS},
volume = {8274},
pages = {692--695},
type = {Demonstration},
month = {Dezember},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-45005-1_62},
keywords = {TOSCA; Cloud Applications; Automation; Management; Portability},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {K.1 The Computer Industry,
K.6.4 System Management,
D.2.12 Software Engineering Interoperability},
contact = {a href=``http://www.iaas.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/mitarbeiter/binz''Tobias Binz/ a},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Parallele und Verteilte Systeme, Anwendersoftware;
Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {TOSCA is a new standard facilitating platform independent description of Cloud
applications. OpenTOSCA is a runtime for TOSCA-based Cloud applications. The
runtime enables fully automated plan-based deployment and management of
applications defined in the OASIS TOSCA packaging format CSAR. This paper
outlines the core concepts of TOSCA and provides a system overview on OpenTOSCA
by describing its modular and extensible architecture, as well as presenting
our prototypical implementation. We demonstrate the use of OpenTOSCA by
deploying and instantiating the school management and learning application
Moodle.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2013-45&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2013-43,
author = {Tim Waizenegger and Matthias Wieland and Tobias Binz and Uwe Breitenb{\"u}cher and Florian Haupt and Oliver Kopp and Frank Leymann and Bernhard Mitschang and Alexander Nowak and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{Policy4TOSCA: A Policy-Aware Cloud Service Provisioning Approach to Enable Secure Cloud Computing}},
booktitle = {On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2013 Conferences},
editor = {Robert Meersman and Herve Panetto and Tharam Dillon and Johann Eder and Zohra Bellahsene and Norbert Ritter and Pieter De Leenheer and Dou Deijing},
address = {Heidelberg},
publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS)},
volume = {8185},
pages = {360--376},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {September},
year = {2013},
isbn = {978-3-642-41029-1},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-41030-7_26},
keywords = {Cloud Computing, TOSCA, Cloud Service, Cloud Management, Policy-Framework, Security, Green-IT, Sustainable Cloud Service},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {D.2.7 Software Engineering Distribution, Maintenance, and Enhancement,
D.2.9 Software Engineering Management,
D.2.13 Software Engineering Reusable Software},
contact = {tim.waizenegger@informatik.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Parallele und Verteilte Systeme, Anwendersoftware;
Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {With the growing adoption of Cloud Computing, automated deployment and
provisioning systems for Cloud applications are becoming more prevalent. They
help to reduce the onboarding costs for new customers as well as the financial
impact of managing Cloud Services by automating these previously manual tasks.
With the widespread use of such systems, the adoption of a common standard for
describing Cloud applications will provide a crucial advantage by enabling
reusable and portable applications. TOSCA, a newly published standard by OASIS
with broad industry participation provides this opportunity. Besides the
technical requirements of running and managing applications in the cloud,
non-functional requirements, like cost, security, and environmental issues, are
of special importance when moving towards the automated provisioning and
management of Cloud applications. In this paper we demonstrate how
non-functional requirements are defined in TOSCA using policies. We propose a
mechanism for automatic processing of these formal policy definitions in a
TOSCA runtime environment that we have developed based on the proposed
architecture of the TOSCA primer. In order to evaluate our approach, we present
prototypical implementations of security policies for encrypting databases and
for limiting the geographical location of the Cloud servers. We demonstrate how
our runtime environment is ensuring these policies and show how they affect the
deployment of the application.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2013-43&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2013-30,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Tobias Binz and Frank Leymann and Nicolas Urbach},
title = {{Determining Power Consumption of Business Processes and their Activities to Enable Green Business Process Reengineering}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International EDOC Conference (EDOC 2013)},
publisher = {IEEE},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {September},
year = {2013},
keywords = {Business Processes; Green Business Process Reengineering; Green Business Process Management; Power Consumption; Enterprise Topology; Environmental Impact; Web Service; Key Ecological Indicators},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation,
H.4.2 Information Systems Applications Types of Systems},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Knowing and optimizing the environmental impact of business processes is
gaining momentum for today’s organizations. However, there is a lack of
solutions that guide and support organizations in determining the power
consumption of automated business processes, considering the resources and
services used by that process. In this work we propose a comprehensive,
multi-phased methodology and corresponding solutions that guide stakeholders
through the methodology. As a proof-ofconcept we build up an experimental
testbed capturing the power consumption of Web services and propagating this
information to business processes. The proposed approach supports stakeholders
analyzing their automated business processes with respect to their
environmental impact and is therefore supporting green business process
reengineering.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2013-30&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2012-43,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Dimka Karastoyanova and Frank Leymann and Andrej Rapoport and David Schumm},
title = {{Flexible Information Design for Business Process Visualizations}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications},
publisher = {IEEE Xplore},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Dezember},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1109/SOCA.2012.6449436},
keywords = {Business Process Management, Process Visualization, Process Analysis, Service-oriented Architecture},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
contact = {Senden Sie eine E-Mail an alexander.nowak@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de.},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Profound understanding of business processes is a key success factor for
Business Process Management (BPM). As more and more analytical information like
runtime data from process execution or statistical data from business
intelligence are available the problem of business process complexity becomes
apparent. To improve time-to-productivity as well as to save costs
process-relevant information needs to be provided as fast as possible while
considering easy and fast interpretation and dynamic changes in stakeholders’
demands. The static and use-case specific creation or modification of process
visualizations shown in current approaches and tools, however, is complex, time
consuming, inflexible and thus costly. To address these shortcomings, we
introduce a template-based approach that decouples the creation of
visualization templates from concrete process visualizations. The binding of
customization points of visualization templates to analytical process
information is supported by a graphical editor that enables customization of
visualizations in a fast and flexible manner. Moreover, due to the separation
of concerns, our approach improves the usability of process visualizations
because templates may be created by graphic experts independently from specific
visualization demands. The feasibility of our concept is demonstrated by a
prototypical implementation.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2012-43&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2012-21,
author = {Tobias Binz and Frank Leymann and Alexander Nowak and David Schumm},
title = {{Improving the Manageability of Enterprise Topologies Through Segmentation, Graph Transformation, and Analysis Strategies}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of 2012 Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC)},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Conference Publishing Services},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {September},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1109/EDOC.2012.17},
keywords = {enterprise topology; enterprise topology graph; cloud; formalization; search; IT consolidation},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {K.6 Management of Computing and Information Systems,
D.2.12 Software Engineering Interoperability},
contact = {a href=``http://www.iaas.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/mitarbeiter/binz''Tobias Binz/ a},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Software systems running in an enterprise consist of countless components,
having complex dependencies, are hosted on physical or virtualized
environments, and are scattered across the infrastructure of an enterprise,
ranging from on-premise data centers up to public cloud deployments. The
resulting topology of the current IT landscape of an enterprise is often
extremely complex. We show that information about this complex ecosystem can be
captured in a graph-based structure, the enterprise topology graph. We argue
that by using such a graph-based representation many challenges in Enterprise
Architecture Management (EAM) can be tackled through the aid of graph
processing algorithms. However, the high complexity of an enterprise topology
graph is the main obstacle to this approach. An enterprise topology graph may
consist of millions of nodes, each representing an element of the enterprise IT
landscape. Further, these nodes comprise a large variety of properties and
relationships, making the topology hardly manageable by human users and
software tools. To address this complexity problem, we propose different
mechanisms to make enterprise topology graphs manageable. Segmentation
techniques, tailored to specific use cases, extract manageable segments from
the enterprise topology graph. Based on a set of formally defined
transformation operations we then demonstrate the power of the approach in
three application scenarios.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2012-21&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2012-18,
author = {Tobias Binz and Christoph Fehling and Frank Leymann and Alexander Nowak and David Schumm},
title = {{Formalizing the Cloud through Enterprise Topology Graphs}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of 2012 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Conference Publishing Services},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
pages = {742--749},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Juni},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1109/CLOUD.2012.143},
keywords = {enterprise topology; enterprise topology graph; EAM; topology abstraction; segmentation; aggregation},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {K.6 Management of Computing and Information Systems,
D.2.12 Software Engineering Interoperability},
contact = {a href=``http://www.iaas.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/mitarbeiter/binz''Tobias Binz/ a},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Enterprises often have no integrated and comprehensive view of their enterprise
topology describing their entire IT infrastructure, software, on-premise and
off-premise services, processes, and their interrelations. Especially due to
acquisitions, mergers, reorganizations, and outsourcing there is no clear ‘big
picture’ of the enterprise topology. Through this lack, management of
applications becomes harder and duplication of components and information
systems increases. Furthermore, the lack of insight makes changes in the
enterprise topology like consolidation, migration, or outsourcing more complex
and error prone which leads to high operational cost. In this paper we propose
Enterprise Topology Graphs (ETG) as formal model to describe an enterprise
topology. Based on established graph theory ETG bring formalization and
provability to the cloud. They enable the application of proven graph
algorithms to solve enterprise topology research problems in general and cloud
research problems in particular. For example, we present a search algorithm
which locates segments in large and possibly distributed enterprise topologies
using structural queries. To illustrate the power of the ETG approach we show
how it can be applied for IT consolidation to reduce operational costs,
increase flexibility by simplifying changes in the enterprise topology, and
improve the environmental impact of the enterprise IT.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2012-18&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2012-02,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Tobias Binz and Frank Leymann and Daniel Schleicher and David Schumm and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{Ein Konzept zur Identifikation {\"o}kologisch nachhaltiger Verbesserungspotentiale unter B{\"u}rgerbeteiligung}},
booktitle = {Tagungsband der Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik 2012},
address = {Berlin},
publisher = {Gito Verlag},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
pages = {1559--1570},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Februar},
year = {2012},
isbn = {978-3-942183-63-5},
keywords = {Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement, Green IT, Pattern Identifikation, Green Patterns, B{\"u}rgerbeteiligung},
language = {Deutsch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
ee = {http://mkwi2012.de/downloads/MKWI2012_Tagungsband.pdf},
contact = {alexander.nowak@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Die Optimierung von Abl{\"a}ufen zum Erhalt der Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit ist ein fester
Bestandteil heutiger Organisationen. Die immer vielf{\"a}ltigeren Anforderungen an
Optimierungsvorhaben, sowie die steigende Komplexit{\"a}t der zu optimierenden
Problemstellungen erfordert zum einen die Erschlie{\ss}ung neuer Wissensquellen und
zum anderen die zielorientierte Nutzung geeigneter Verfahrensmuster aus
fr{\"u}heren Problemstellungen. In dieser Arbeit wird am Beispiel der
Identifikation {\"o}kologisch nachhaltiger Verbesserungspotentiale unter Nutzung
von B{\"u}rgerbeteiligungen gezeigt, wie soziale Aspekte innerhalb von
Optimierungsverfahren effizient eingesetzt und anschlie{\ss}end als strukturierte
Verfahrensmuster wiederverwendbar gemacht werden k{\"o}nnen.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2012-02&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2011-69,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann and David Schumm},
title = {{The Differences and Commonalities between Green and Conventional Business Process Management}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Cloud and Green Computing, CGC 2011},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Dezember},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1109/DASC.2011.105},
keywords = {Green IT; Green Business Process Management; BPM Lifecycle; BPM Architecture},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Environmentally-aware resource usage has become an important aspect for today’s
industries, governments, and organizations. Customer demands, legal
requirements, and financial aspects force organizations to rethink and
reorganize their existing structures and business processes. Along with an
increasing adoption of Business Process Management (BPM) in organizations,
efforts are being made to also enable a green rethinking and change of BPM.
However, in order to be capable of performing business in a green manner, the
“delta” has to be known that distinguishes green business process management
from the conventional one. In this paper, we investigate key perspectives of
conventional BPM and compare them to requirements originating from an
environmental perspective. The key perspectives we refer to are the business
process lifecycle, key performance indicators, BPM architectures, and business
and strategy. We highlight aspects that need to be extended, newly developed,
or refined in order to achieve a holistic green BPM approach.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2011-69&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2011-65,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann and Daniel Schleicher and David Schumm and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{Green Business Process Patterns}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, PLoP 2011},
publisher = {ACM},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {Oktober},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1145/2578903.2579144},
keywords = {Green IT; Green Patterns; Green Business Process Management; Environmental Impact},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {To ensure their competitive advantage an increasing number of organizations
adopt business process management for design, automation, and analysis of their
business processes. In order to reduce cost, improve quality, save time, and
increase flexibility, techniques for business process improvement and
re-engineering are applied. Improving the environmental impact of a business
process is a new challenge organizations are faced with. However, current
approaches and techniques for business process optimization do not cover the
ecological dimension explicitly. In this paper, we propose patterns which
describe good solutions for green business process design to address this gap
from a business perspective. The patterns are described independently from
concrete business process modeling languages and execution environments in
order to provide a broad applicability of the patterns within different
scenarios. In addition to the patterns, we discuss the general usability of the
patterns based on different aspects relevant to an organization.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2011-65&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2011-33,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann and David Schumm and Branimir Wetzstein},
title = {{An Architecture and Methodology for a Four-Phased Approach to Green Business Process Reengineering}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on ICT as Key Technology for the Fight against Global Warming - ICT-GLOW 2011},
publisher = {Springer},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
volume = {6868},
pages = {150--164},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {August},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-23447-7_14},
keywords = {Business Processes, Process Views, Process Monitoring, Adaptation, Environmental Impact, Green Business Process Reengineering},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Sustainability and responsible resource exposure has become a major issue in
everyday life. Government, customers, and increasing social responsibility
force more and more organizations to positively optimize their environmental
impact towards a better, livable planet. In this paper we propose a
four-layered architecture and corresponding four-phased methodology to enable
organizations to (1) define ecological characteristics, (2) sense and measure
these ecological characteristics, (3) identify, localize and visualize their
environmental impact, and (4) help them to develop appropriate adaptation
strategies in order to optimize their environmental impact without neglecting
the organization’s competitiveness.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2011-33&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2011-29,
author = {Daniel Schleicher and Christoph Fehling and Stefan Grohe and Frank Leymann and Alexander Nowak and Patrick Schneider and David Schumm},
title = {{Compliance Domains: A Means to Model Data-Restrictions in Cloud Environments}},
booktitle = {Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC)},
publisher = {IEEE Xplore},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
pages = {257--266},
type = {Konferenz-Beitrag},
month = {August},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1109/EDOC.2011.22},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {It is crucial for enterprises to execute business operations in a compliant
way. This is especially true for ITdriven business processes as enterprises may
face considerable fines when violating laws and regulation in their business
processes. Through the advent of cloud computing, a new dimension of compliance
requirements within the research area of compliant business process design has
emerged. Datasovereignty is one of the major compliance concerns enterprises
have to deal with when moving applications and data to the cloud. Enterprises
are fully responsible for their data, also when the data is not present within
their IT premises anymore. This lead to the policy that specific data must not
leave the IT premises of the enterprise. In this paper we present an approach
to support the human process designer in modelling compliant business
processes. We are focusing on compliance requirements which have to be
considered in the field of cloud computing. These requirements have been
created to meet laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are
considering data which is sent around between countries, for example.
Considering the characteristics of these requirements, we deal with
data-centric compliance rules here.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2011-29&engl=0}
}
@inproceedings {INPROC-2010-103,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Frank Leymann and Ralph Mietzner},
title = {{Towards Green Business Process Reengineering}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Services, Energy, \& Ecosystem: SEE2010, San Francisco, USA, December 07, 2010},
publisher = {Springer},
institution = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Fakult{\"a}t Informatik, Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Germany},
series = {LNCS},
volume = {6568},
pages = {187--192},
type = {Workshop-Beitrag},
month = {Dezember},
year = {2010},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
contact = {alexander.nowak@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Information and communication technology has experienced a vast development and
increased usage over the past few years. This development again yields to
increasing energy consumption. In this paper we provide a research agenda that
picks up this serious development and suggests first approaches how holistic
energy efficiency could be introduced in enterprises without neglecting a
company’s performance and competitiveness. We propose green Business Process
Reengineering as one opportunity to make further development more sustainable
with respect to the resources of our environment.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2010-103&engl=0}
}
@article {ART-2012-03,
author = {Alexander Nowak and Tobias Binz and Christoph Fehling and Oliver Kopp and Frank Leymann and Sebastian Wagner},
title = {{Pattern-driven Green Adaptation of Process-based Applications and their Runtime Infrastructure}},
journal = {Computing},
publisher = {Springer Wien},
pages = {463--487},
type = {Artikel in Zeitschrift},
month = {Februar},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1007/s00607-012-0188-x},
keywords = {Green Business Process Pattern, Cloud Pattern, Green IT, TOSCA, Adaptation of Applications, Ecological Sustainable Business Processes},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {Business Processes are a key aspect of modern organization. In recent years,
business process management and optimization has been applied to different
cross-cutting concerns such as security, compliance, or Green IT, for example.
Based on the ecological characteristics of a business process, proper
environmentally sustainable adaptation strategies can be chosen to improve the
total environmental impact of the business process. We use ecological
sustainable adaptation strategies that are described as Green Business Process
Patterns. The application of such a Green Business Process Pattern, however,
affects the business process layer, the application component and the
infrastructure layer. This implies that changes in the application
infrastructure also need to be considered. Hence, we use best practices of
cloud application architectures which are described as Cloud Patterns. To guide
developers through the adaptation process we propose a pattern-based approach
in this work. We correlate Cloud Patterns relevant for sustainable business
processes to Green Business Process Patterns and organize them within a
classification. To provide concrete implementation support we further annotate
these Cloud Patterns to application component models that are described with
the Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA).
Using these annotations, we describe a method that provides the means to
optimize business processes based on Green Business Process Patterns through
adapting the implementation of application components with concrete TOSCA
implementation models.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2012-03&engl=0}
}
@article {ART-2011-13,
author = {Frank Leymann and Christoph Fehling and Ralph Mietzner and Alexander Nowak and Schahram Dustdar},
title = {{Moving Applications to the Cloud: An Approach based on Application Model Enrichment}},
journal = {International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems (IJCIS)},
publisher = {World Scientific},
volume = {20},
number = {3},
pages = {307--356},
type = {Artikel in Zeitschrift},
month = {Oktober},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1142/S0218843011002250},
keywords = {Application Modeling; Metamodels; Cloud Computing},
language = {Englisch},
cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
ee = {http://www.worldscinet.com/ijcis/},
department = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart, Institut f{\"u}r Architektur von Anwendungssystemen},
abstract = {In this paper we describe a method and corresponding tool chain that allows
moving an application to the cloud. In particular, we support to split an
application such that various parts of it are moved to different clouds. This
split can be done manually or by support of optimization algorithms. The split
application is then automatically provisioned in the different target clouds. A
metamodel for such applications supporting the proposed method is introduced.
The architecture of a supporting tool is described. Experiences from the usage
of the proposed method are reported.},
url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2011-13&engl=0}
}